Even the GOAT Tom Brady can’t throw a perfect spiral. Here’s why. 🌏 Get exclusive NordVPN deal here ➵  https://NordVPN.com/veritasium It’s risk free with Nord’s 30 day money-back guarantee!✌

If you’re looking for a molecular modelling kit, try Snatoms, a kit I invented where the atoms snap together magnetically - https://ve42.co/SnatomsV

▀▀▀
A huge thank you to Tom Brady for coming and throwing some footballs with us and letting us analyse his throw.  You can check out his channel here: https://www.youtube.com/@tombrady 

Also thank you to Kevin Bonner and the team at Shadow Lion for helping make this happen!

A big thanks to Daniel Hare and Wilson for all their help collecting and analyzing the data. 

A massive thank you to Prof. Philip Ansell, David Attig, Matt Brotnow, Sam Hince and Derrick Wiberg at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign for all their work testing out footballs in their wind tunnel (more of that to come in our second video).  

We’d also like to shout out Stewart Bible, Ryan Sayko and the rest of the team at Resolved Analytics for all their work on the CFD models - https://www.resolvedanalytics.com/

Thank you to Mike Lopez and Tom Bliss from the Football Data and Analytics at the NFL for sharing data and insights from across NFL history.

We’re incredibly grateful to Prof. Richard Price and Major Brett Gibbons for their invaluable contributions to this video.

Thank you to Prof. Chad Orzel, Prof. John Eric Goff, Dr Ainissa Ramirez, Prof. Tony Schmitz & Jonathan Ferguson for all their help on the project.

Also thanks to Chris Anstis for his help as a stand-in QB!

▀▀▀
0:00 How Tom Brady Throws a Football
2:51 Why do you spin a football to throw it?
5:36 How does rifling affect a projectile? 
9:09 The Turnover Paradox
11:15 How fast can Tom Brady throw?
14:31 Analysing Brady’s Throw 
16:38 Gyroscopic Procession
19:47 It’s impossible to throw straight
23:17 Outdoor vs Dome Stadiums
24:31 Why Tom Brady is the GOAT

▀▀▀

References:
References can be found here - https://ve42.co/BradyReferences 

Images & Video:
Image and video references can be found here - https://ve42.co/BradyVisuals 

▀▀▀
Special thanks to our Patreon supporters:
Adam Foreman, Albert Wenger, Alex Porter, Alexander Tamas, Anton Ragin, armedtoe, Balkrishna Heroor, Bertrand Serlet, Blake Byers, Bruce, Charles Ian Norman Venn, Dave Kircher, David Johnston, David Tseng, Evgeny Skvortsov, Garrett Mueller, Gnare, gpoly, iRick, Jeromy Johnson, Jon Jamison, JT, Juan Benet, Keith England, KeyWestr, Kyi, Lee Redden, Marinus Kuivenhoven, Matthias Wrobel, Meekay, meg noah, Michael Krugman, Orlando Bassotto, Paul Peijzel, Richard Sundvall, Robert Oliveira, Sam Lutfi, Tj Steyn, TTST, Ubiquity Ventures, wolfee

▀▀▀


Producer & Director: Henry van Dyck
Writing: Henry van Dyck & Derek Muller
Editor: Trenton Oliver
Animators: Mike Radjabov & Fabio Albetelli 
Illustrator: Jakub Misiek
Researchers: Emilia Gyles & Gabe Strong
Field Producer: Katy Savage
Camera Operators: John Nicholls, Trenton Oliver, Melkwych Pierre-Louis & Scott Wellington
Drone Operators: Nathan Taupez Scinto, Angelo Fiorini
Sound Recordist: Vlady Garcia
Production Assistant: Leah Jiji
Media Manager: Gabriel C. Rodriguez
Assistant Editor: James Stuart
Thumbnail Designers: Ren Hurley & Ben Powell
Production Team: Josh Pitt, Rob Beasley Spence, Tori Brittain & Barbara Abraul
Executive Producers: Derek Muller & Zoe Heron

Additional video/photos supplied by Getty Images
Music from Epidemic Sound

The Biggest Misconception in Football

Paris St-Germain's brilliant teenager Desire Doue delivered an inspired display as they delivered a masterclass to thrash Inter Milan in Munich and win the Champions League for the first time.

TNT Sports marks a new era in sports broadcasting in the UK and Republic of Ireland across TV, streaming, digital and social media platforms. 

discovery+ is the streaming home of TNT Sports, where you can experience UEFA Champions League and Europa League drama, exclusive Premier League matches, plus Gallagher Premiership Rugby, Snooker, MotoGP, Boxing, UFC, NBA and more. The best seat in the house could be in your house with TNT Sports. 

https://www.discoveryplus.com/gb

Subscribe now.

CELEBRATIONS! PSG lift the 2025 UEFA Champions League after beating Inter 🏆 #UCL

Doue Stars As PSG Conquer Europe 🏆 | PSG 5-0 Inter | UEFA Champions League Final Highlights

Extended highlights presented by Heineken,

Both sides proved their worth on their way to the final, as PSG eliminated Liverpool and Arsenal, while Inter bested Bayern Munich and Barcelona.

#UCL  #ChampionsLeague #UEFA #PSG #Inter #Dembele #Doue #Kvaratskhelia

Stream UCL on Paramount+ - http://bit.ly/UCLonParamount
Watch UCL Extended Highlights - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkwBiY2Dq-oYX--AqrRszzMR4_C8YwiBn
Watch UCL Today with Thierry Henry, Kate Scott, Micah Richards and Jamie Carragher - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkwBiY2Dq-oYdin8WdtaOExGhaRZI_dJ8

Subscribe to our other CBS Sports Golazo channels!
https://www.youtube.com/@CBSSportsGolazoEurope
https://www.youtube.com/@golazoamerica
https://www.youtube.com/@attackingthird

of on YouTube

1.

The Biggest Misconception in Football

3.5M views

Veritasium

27:17

2.

CELEBRATIONS! PSG lift the 2025 UEFA Champions League after beating Inter 🏆 #UCL

2.8M views

TNT Sports

9:23

3.

Doue Stars As PSG Conquer Europe 🏆 | PSG 5-0 Inter | UEFA Champions League Final Highlights

2.2M views

TNT Sports

5:30

4.

PSG vs. Inter: Extended Highlights | UCL Final | CBS Sports Golazo

1.7M views

CBS Sports Golazo

13:20